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中科院成都生物所丨低氮提高云杉氮利用率新機(jī)制
NMT是基因功能的活體檢測(cè)技術(shù)，已被103位諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主所在單位，及北大、清華、中科院使用。
期刊：Journal of Plant Nutrition And Soil Science
主題：低氮提高云杉氮利用率新機(jī)制
標(biāo)題：Morphological and physiological responses of Picea asperata to different nitrogen availability and pH
影響因子：2.057
檢測(cè)指標(biāo)：NH4+、NO3-、H+流速
檢測(cè)樣品：云杉幼苗根系
NH4+、NO3-、H+流實(shí)驗(yàn)處理方法：
50 or 1000 mM NH4NO3 with pH5 or pH7，發(fā)芽后生長(zhǎng)8周用于測(cè)定
NH4+、NO3-、H+流實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試液成份：
0.1mM KCl, 0.1mM CaCl2, pH5 or pH7
作者：中科院成都生物所尹春英、唐波
英文摘要
Soil nitrogen (N) availability and pH are two determinants affecting plant growth, both of which are influenced by long‐term N deposition. However, the physiological mechanism of plants response to the changes in soil N availability and pH are not fully understood.
To investigate the response of Picea asperata to both factors, seedlings of P. asperata were exposed to 50 or 1000 µM NH4NO3 with pH 5 or pH 7. In the current study, P. asperata, regardless of N availability and pH in growth medium, exhibited invariably a urn:x-wiley:14368730:media:jpln201900103-math-0001 preference. Lower root biomass, root : shoot mass ratio, total root length and area, and root vitality were detected in high N condition compared to those in low N supply, corresponding well to lower net influxes of urn:x-wiley:14368730:media:jpln201900103-math-0002 and urn:x-wiley:14368730:media:jpln201900103-math-0003 at the root surface in both pH treatments. These results indicate that P. asperata may employ an active‐forge strategy to exploit nutrient resources for growth under low N availability, probably by increased below‐ground carbon allocation and net influxes of urn:x-wiley:14368730:media:jpln201900103-math-0004 and urn:x-wiley:14368730:media:jpln201900103-math-0005.
Although low pH, to some extent may generate more malondialdehyde, P. asperata would enhance pH tolerance by increased detoxification, i.e., antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase), free proline and soluble protein as well as improved carbohydrate status (i.e., soluble sugar and starch).
中文摘要（谷歌機(jī)翻）
土壤氮（N）的有效性和pH是影響植物生長(zhǎng)的兩個(gè)決定因素，這兩個(gè)因素均受長(zhǎng)期氮沉降的影響。但是，尚未*了解植物對(duì)土壤氮素利用率和pH值變化的生理機(jī)制。
為了研究云杉對(duì)兩種因素的響應(yīng)，將云杉幼苗暴露于50或1000 µM NH4NO3，pH 5或pH 7。展示了urn：x-wiley：14368730：media：jpln201900103-math-0001偏好設(shè)置。與低氮供應(yīng)相比，高氮條件下根系生物量，根：莖總質(zhì)量比，總根長(zhǎng)和面積以及根系活力較低，這與：x-wiley：14368730：培養(yǎng)基的凈入滲量較低相對(duì)應(yīng)。在兩種pH處理中，根表面的jpln201900103-math-0002和urn：x-wiley：14368730：media：jpln201900103-math-0003這些結(jié)果表明，P。asperata可能采用主動(dòng)鍛造策略來(lái)開(kāi)發(fā)養(yǎng)分資源，以在低氮可利用性下進(jìn)行生長(zhǎng)，這可能是由于地下碳分配增加以及骨凈：x-wiley：14368730：media：jpln201900103-math-0004和urn：x-wiley：14368730：media：jpln201900103-math-0005。
盡管低pH值在一定程度上可能產(chǎn)生更多的丙二醛，但曲霉假單胞菌會(huì)通過(guò)增加解毒作用（即抗氧化酶（過(guò)氧化物酶），游離脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白以及改善的碳水化合物狀態(tài)（即可溶性糖和淀粉））提高pH耐受性。
結(jié)果表明：無(wú)論pH是5或7，低N的NH4+吸收速率高于高N；不同pH的NH4+吸收速率并無(wú)顯著差異（圖b）。低N的NO3-吸收速率同樣高于高N，pH 5時(shí)兩種N的NO3-吸收速率均低于pH7（圖c）。相同pH條件下，低N的H+外排速率高于高N；同樣N水平下，不同pH的H+外排無(wú)顯著差異（圖d）。由此可見(jiàn)，云杉通過(guò)擴(kuò)大吸收區(qū)域和提高吸收速率等形態(tài)和生理的一系列調(diào)控從而適應(yīng)土壤中的限制性N環(huán)境。