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皮爾茲繼電器

PILZ安全繼電器的電路要求及原理

PILZ安全繼電器與一般繼電器的主要差別在哪里?所謂“PILZ安全繼電器”并不是“*的繼電器”，而是發(fā)生故障時(shí)做出有規(guī)則的動(dòng)作，它具有強(qiáng)制導(dǎo)向接點(diǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)，萬(wàn)一發(fā)生接點(diǎn)熔結(jié)現(xiàn)象時(shí)也能確保安全，這一點(diǎn)同一般繼電器*不同。PILZ安全繼電器是由數(shù)個(gè)繼電器與電路組合而成，為的是要能互補(bǔ)彼此的異常缺陷，達(dá)到正確且低誤動(dòng)作的繼電器完整功能，使其失誤和失效值愈低，安全因素則愈高，因此需設(shè)計(jì)出多種安全繼電器以保護(hù)不同等級(jí)機(jī)械，主要目標(biāo)在保護(hù)暴露於不同等級(jí)之危險(xiǎn)性的機(jī)械操作人員。
對(duì)PILZ安全電路的要求:
1、在緊急停止解除時(shí)，機(jī)器不能出現(xiàn)突然再啟動(dòng)
2、萬(wàn)一機(jī)器安全電路發(fā)生故障時(shí)，可以停止機(jī)器動(dòng)力電源
3、安全電路發(fā)生故障時(shí)，機(jī)器不能再啟動(dòng)
像安全開(kāi)關(guān)、光幕等確認(rèn)安全的輸入，無(wú)法做到上述功能，那么，怎樣才能做到安全電路呢？時(shí)候雙重電路就可以了？
A:單靠雙重化是不行的。
雙重化是必要的，但是除此之外，比備如下幾個(gè)條件，雙重化電路的互相檢查，確認(rèn)所有安全電路已經(jīng)斷開(kāi)一次，必要時(shí)由作業(yè)者操作便可以啟動(dòng)等條件。還有從另一個(gè)角度來(lái)說(shuō)，輸入的開(kāi)關(guān)接線(xiàn)短路或電線(xiàn)外皮破損而引起的接地的可能性時(shí)，必須預(yù)防因此而引起的機(jī)器突然啟動(dòng)。
實(shí)際上，為了方便安全電路的構(gòu)成，將安全繼電器和其他組件組合配套，把基本的緊急停止電路、安全電路組成電路模塊的產(chǎn)品稱(chēng)為安全繼電器模塊。
PILZ安全繼電器的原理
PILZ安全繼電器一般由鐵芯、線(xiàn)圈、銜鐵、觸點(diǎn)簧片等組成的。只要在線(xiàn)圈兩端加上一定的電壓，線(xiàn)圈中就會(huì)流過(guò)一定的電流，從而產(chǎn)生電磁效應(yīng)，銜鐵就會(huì)在電磁力吸引的作用下克服返回彈簧的拉力吸向鐵芯，從而帶動(dòng)銜鐵的動(dòng)觸點(diǎn)與靜觸點(diǎn)（常開(kāi)觸點(diǎn)）吸合。當(dāng)線(xiàn)圈斷電后，電磁的吸力也隨之消失，銜鐵就會(huì)在彈簧的反作用力返回原來(lái)的位置，使動(dòng)觸點(diǎn)與原來(lái)的靜觸點(diǎn)（常閉觸點(diǎn)）吸合。這樣吸合、釋放，從而達(dá)到了在電路中的導(dǎo)通、切斷的目的。對(duì)于繼電器的“常開(kāi)、常閉”觸點(diǎn)，可以這樣來(lái)區(qū)分：繼電器線(xiàn)圈未通電時(shí)處于斷開(kāi)狀態(tài)的靜觸點(diǎn)，稱(chēng)為“常開(kāi)觸點(diǎn)”；處于接通狀態(tài)的靜觸點(diǎn)稱(chēng)為“常閉觸點(diǎn)”。

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